Why geography optional for BPSC?
(a) Multidimensional, scientific and humanistic subject.
(b) Easy for engineering and science background students.
(c) Ample scope of fetching good marks through flow charts, maps, logical and diagrammatic representation.
(d) Not much mugging up required. Only concepts need to be understood.
(e) Overlap with general studies both in prelims and mains of BPSC exam.
(f) Geography also has overlap with subjects like economy, science and tech.
(g) In interview board can ask questions on local geography of candidate’s hometown like soil, vegetation easy to answer.
Why to join Geography Optional Classes at Perfection IAS?
(1) Here in perfection IAS, we don’t just cover syllabus of geography optional rather our faculty will teach according to recent trends.
(2) Special focus on answer writing.
(3) Since maps and diagrams are important tools available to score good marks, so along with the class special focus will be given to this.
(4) Separate batches for Hindi medium and English medium students for geography optional practice map drawing, diagrams and flow charts.
(5) Also, students will get uniquely designed 2 levels of tests series of geography optional.
Syallabus of Geography Optional for BPSC:
Section- I
Principles of Geography:
Part- A - Physical Geography:
(a) Geomorphology - Origin and evolution of the earth's crust: earth movements and plate tectonics; volcanism; cycle of erosion.- Davis and Penck; fluvial, glacial, arid and karst land-forms; rejuvenated and polycyclic landforms.
(b) Climatology - The atmosphere, its structure and composition; air masses and fronts; cyclones and related phenomena; climatic classification; koeppon and Thornthwait; groundwater and hydrological cycle.
(c) Soils and Vegetation - Soil genesis, classification and distribution: ecological aspects of savanna and monsoon forest biomes.
(d) Oceanography - Ocean bottom relief. Relief of Indian Ocean floor. Salinity. Currents and tides; ocean deposits and coral reefs;
(e) Ecosystem - Ecosystem concept, Man's impact on the ecosystem, global ecological imbalances.
Part B - Human and Economic Geography
(a) Development of Geographical Thought - Contributions of European and British Geographers, determinism and possiblism; Dualism in Geography, quantitative and behavioural revolutions in geography.
(b) Human Geography - Emergence of man and races of mankind cultural evolution of man; major cultural realms of the world; international migrations, past and present; world population-distribution and growth; demographic transition and world population.
(c) Settlements Geography - Concepts of rural and urban settlements, Organs of Urbançation; Rural settlement patterns; city classifications; urban spheres of influence and the rural urban fringe, the internal structure of cities; problems of urban growth in the world.
(d) Political Geography - Concepts of nation and state; frontiers, boundaries, and buffer zones; concept of heartland and rim land; federalism.
(e) Geography - World economic development-measurement and problems; concept of resources, world resources, their distribution and global problems; world energy crisis; and limits to growth; world agriculture-typology and world agricultural regions; theory of agricultural location, world industry-theory of location of industries; world industrial patterns and problems; world trade and world trade patterns.
Section- II
GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA
(a) Physical Aspects - Geological history, Physiography and drainage systems; origin and mechanism of the Indian monsoon, soils and vegetation.
(b) Human Aspects - Tribal areas and their problems; population distribution, density and growth, population problems and policies.
(c) Resources - Conservation and utilisation of land mineral water biotic and marine resources; ecological problems and their management.
(d) Agriculture - Irrigation intensity of cropping, crop combinations, green revolution, and agricultural land use policy, rural economy-Animal husbandry, social forestry and household industry.
(e) Industry - History of industrial development; factors of location study of mineral based, agro-based and forest based industries, industrial complexes and industrial regionalisation.
(f) Transport and Trade - Study of the network of roadways railways, waterways, intra and inter-regional trade and the role of rural market centres.
(g) Settlements - Rural Settlement patterns; urban development in Indian and its problems, internal structure of Indian cities, town planning, slums and urban housing; national urbanisation policy.
(h) Regional Development and Planning - Five-years plan; multilevel planning; state, district and block level planning regional disparities in development in India.
(i) Political Aspects - Political problem of India, state reorganisation; the international boundary of India and related issues; India and geopolitics of the Indian Ocean area.
(j) Geography of Bihar under the following heads - Physiographic divisions, soils, forests, climate, pattern of agriculture, problems of drought-prone and flood affected regions and their solution, chief mineral resources-iron ore, copper, bauxite mica and coal; principal industries-iron and steel, aluminium, cement, Sugar: principal industrial regions, problems of population in Bihar, problem of tribal population and their solution; pattern of urbanisation in Bihar.
Previous Year Questions of Geography Optional:
| BPSC EXAM | Medium | Link |
| BPSC 60-62 | Hindi, English | Click here |
| BPSC 63 | Hindi, English | Click here |
| BPSC 64 | Hindi, English | Click here |
| BPSC 65 | Hindi, English | Click here |